For most interior or exterior construction painting projects, workers employ conventional compressed-air spray equipment. 0000013048 00000 n /Parent 2 0 R These include: High-pressure water jetting with abrasive injection; Develop and implement a good respiratory protection program in accordance with OSHA requirements in. A device or barrier that is designed to help separate the hazard from the operator 0000016984 00000 n mortar between the tiles/brick) must be removed. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. wYQ#g0. the grout between the tiles/brick must be restored), repaired, or relined with an entirely new lining (either tile or lead brick). This process is repeated several times until the metal is too cold to pour. Following a major repair You can review and change the way we collect information below. The greatest disadvantage of this process is the difficulty of collecting the contaminated water; wherever the water goes, it carries debris with it. Generally, the sequence of events in setting up, tearing down, and moving of a containment structure on a bridge project is as follows: First, a section of the bridge is blast-cleaned and primed within the enclosure. Saving Lives, Protecting People, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Reducing material handling injuries with engineering controls, Preventing Deaths in Manure Storage Facilities Through Proper Ventilation, Silica Hazards from Engineered Stone Countertops, Best Practices: Engineering Controls, Work Practices, and Exposure Monitoring for Occupational Exposures to Diacetyl and 2,3-Pentanedione, OSHA/NIOSH Hazard Alert: Methylene Chloride Hazards for Bathtub Refinishers, Preventing Hazardous Noise and Hearing Loss during Project Design and Operation, Reducing Musculoskeletal Disorders among Airport Baggage Screeners and Handlers, Reducing Hazardous Dust Exposure When Dowel Drilling in Concrete, Reducing Hazardous Dust Exposure When Cutting Fiber-Cement Siding, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Directory of Engineering Controls Resources, Hazards Where Engineering Controls are Effective, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. /GS1 14 0 R Chemical stripping, vacuum-shrouded hand tools, vacuum blasting, or other suitable method may be used. Regularly scheduled clean-ups are important because they minimize the re-entrainment of lead dust into the air, which otherwise serves as an additional source of exposure that engineering controls are generally not designed to control. Where feasible, lead-containing debris and contaminated items accumulated for disposal should be wet-misted before handling. /Font << Administrative controls: programs and practic, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. >> Partial or full containments can be used to contain entire structures or portions thereof. The preferred order of action based on general effectiveness is: Using this hierarchy can lower worker exposures and reduce risk of illness or injury. Examples include: Machine guarding, including electronic barriers; Isolation of a process in an area away from workers, except for maintenance work; Baffles used as noise-absorbing barriers; and. An intentional or unintentional release of a gas. The containment must be constructed to collect water rather than to control dust emissions. Whenever possible, pneumatic air tools should be used to remove rivets in lieu of burning and torch cutting. Productivity is lower than for open abrasive blasting using more traditional abrasives, according to contractors who have used this product (CONSAD 1993). Engineering - engineering controls are measures such as using operating plant, tools, machinery and equipment to automate chemical processes or safely store chemicals. By directing a worker to position the exhaust hood properly or to improve work practice, such as standing to the side or upwind of the cutting torch to avoid the smoke plume, a supervisor can do much to minimize unnecessary employee exposure to airborne contaminants. /ArtBox [0.0 0.0 504.0 720.0] Engineering controls function with minimum user input and do not rely on the skill or vigilance of individuals. Figure V:3-1. Although OSHA does not prohibit the use of methylene chloride-based stripping products, some local, State, and other Federal authorities may prohibit its use in residential units. Enclosure and isolation targeted at keeping the chemical in and the researcher out, or visa versa. An engineering control measure is one that eliminates, isolates, or removes a hazard from the workplace; things used in the workplace to help reduce the risk of an exposure. Engineering controls besides the fume hood include compressed gas cabinets, vented storage cabinets, and local exhaust ventilation (LEV) such as capture hoods (canopy and slot) and snorkels, which capture and entrain chemical vapors, fumes, and dusts at the point of generation. 0000003646 00000 n Supplemental Engineering Controls Closed System Transfer Devices (CSTDs) May NOT be used as a substitute for C-PEC, may be used in addition when compounding MUST be used when administering antineoplastic HDs Ensure CSTD is physically and chemically compatible with the specific HD No universal performance standard for CSTDs, evaluate -first line of defense towards infectious organisms and hazardous chemicals, -air flows into the front work opening across the work surface and out through a decontamination device, -basic air flow into the front of the work opening to protect the operator from the work, class 1 biosafety cabinet (modified as a clean bench), -one-piece suit with fresh air supplied for breathing -must be a back up system for air supply allowing for time to reach a non-hazardous area, -second line of defense after engineering controls. A rigorous housekeeping program is necessary in many jobs to keep airborne lead levels at or below permissible exposure limits. The health hazard in these operations arises from lead fumes becoming airborne. 0000003721 00000 n Engineering controls reduce or eliminate exposure to chemical or physical hazards through the use of equipment or devices. Dust generation, debris generation, and the type of containment necessary in ultrahigh-pressure water jetting are comparable to those in high-pressure water jetting. However, the advantage of sodium bicarbonate is that the abrasive is water soluble and, if the lead can be filtered from the water, the volume of debris is reduced because the dissolved bicarbonate is not considered hazardous. Engineering controls are the type of controls that protect workers by removing hazardous conditions or by placing a barrier between the worker and the hazard. the primary means of containment developed for working safely with infectious microorganisms. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. The risk of silicosis is high among workers exposed to abrasive blasting with silica-containing media, and this hazard is difficult to control. Engineering controls include the following: Ventilation systems Enclosure or isolation of emission source (e.g., biological safety cabinets or fumehoods) 0000006651 00000 n Power-tool cleaning involves the use of power-operated impact, grinding, or brushing tools. _________-pressure buffer room, For Hazardous Compounding: If device is moved In addition, some vacuum heads are so heavy that mechanical suspension systems are needed to support them, and even then, the blasters may need to take frequent breaks. When site conditions warrant, less dusty methods should be used in place of open abrasive blast cleaning. /Count 2 Mini-enclosure containment structures are usually light-weight, low wind-loading structures that isolate that area where blasting and surface priming is taking place on a given day. 1 0 obj The high-density foam cleaning medium is absorptive and can be used either wet or dry. h{pU>M6A,UP#(Bw)m B6YHQDT-"jD)J S:82(x7iIwOn 0%1D3 UfG%4*)hzU; Workers who do not shower and change into clean clothing before leaving the worksite may contaminate their homes and vehicles with lead dust. CDC twenty four seven. Hand scraping of lead-based paints involves the use of a hand-held scraping tool to remove paint from coated surfaces. Plant Engineering, March issue. 0000020737 00000 n 2 0 obj the cabinet's recirculated air) through the front grille Prevention through Design is an approach to proactively include prevention when designing work equipment, tools, operations, and spaces. NIOSH Alert: Request for Assistance in Preventing Lead Poisoning in Construction Workers. Examples of Hazards Where Engineering Controls are Effective, NIOSH Engineering Controls Research Program, Engineering Control Topics on the NIOSH Science Blog, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 0000011902 00000 n Legionnaire's Disease, see OSHA's Safety and Health Topics Page for updated information. << If used properly, vacuum blast cleaning can achieve cleaning of good quality with minimal dust generation except in areas where access is difficult because of configuration (such as between back-to-back angles). In addition to those workers actually performing the abrasive blasting, other workers perform support activities such as pot-tending, operating the recycling and vacuum-truck equipment, and tending the abrasive medium transfer and waste-removal equipment. Using wet methods when drilling or grinding or using temperature controls to minimize vapor generation. In addition, the abrasive classifier must be extremely efficient in removing lead dust, to prevent it from being reintroduced into the containment and combining with the paint to increase worker exposures. Keep shroud flush with the surface during cleaning. Encapsulation is particularly attractive as a control method when large surfaces such as walls, ceilings, and floors are involved because encapsulation requires little containment or cleanup and does not threaten the environment. Where legally permitted, some elevator companies have switched the wire ropes on older elevators from sockets that utilize poured babbitt metal to wedge clamps or to sockets utilizing a thermoplastic/epoxy mixture (Personal communication, E. Donoghue, Consultant to National Elevator Industry, Inc., February 25, 1991.). Elimination Elimination removes the hazard at the source. This means that it cleans more efficiently and removes tight paint and rust more effectively. Containment primary engineering control (C-PEC)the device in which compounds are mixed, including a containment ventilated enclosure (CVE) commonly called powder hoods, a biological safety cabinet (BSC), and a compounding aseptic . The splicer pours the lead from one ladle over the copper joint and catches the excess in another ladle held below. 0000025949 00000 n Saving Lives, Protecting People, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Engineering Controls for Silica in Construction, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, are part of the original equipment design, remove or block the hazard at the source before it comes into contact with the worker, prevent users from modifying or interfering with the control, need minimal user input for the controls to work, operate correctly without interfering with the work process or making the work process more difficult, limiting access to hazardous areas or machinery, inspection and replacement of damaged or worn-out PPE, program monitoring for continued effectiveness, while other controls are under development, when other controls cannot sufficiently reduce the hazardous exposure, when PPE is the only control option available. 0000016455 00000 n You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. This section describes the job operations that take place in construction worksites and involve worker exposures to lead. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This figure shows a fume-extractor gun, with exhaust openings at the end labeled. Boston Edison Company. NIOSH. NIOSH Researchers reduce the risk of fall injuries and fatalities in construction by evaluating mast climber fall-arrest scenarios and providing recommendations to standards committees and equipment manufacturers. Non-ventilation engineering controls can also include devices developed for the pharmaceutical industry, including isolation containment systems. /Contents 15 0 R 1992. Cryogenic cleaning by blasting with dry-ice pellets is one of the least-tried methods of surface preparation (Figure V:3-2). Hand washing When other control methods are unable to reduce the hazardous exposure to safe levels, employers must provide PPE. This system uses compressed air to propel the abrasive medium to the surface being cleaned; however, water (which reduces dusting) is injected into the abrasive stream either before or after the abrasive exits the nozzle (Figure V:3-1). Workers and their supervisors should evaluate controls on a regular basis. Identify and ensure the use of . endobj Oil Well Derrick Stability: Guywire Anchor Systems, Industrial Robots and Robot System Safety, Excavations: Hazard Recognition in Trenching and Shoring, Controlling Lead Exposures in the Construction Industry: Engineering and Work Practice Controls, Appendix V:3-1. Projects such as the abrasive blasting of bridges, elevated highways, water towers, and storage tanks are likely to involve some type of containment structure. Because of the water, this kind of jetting generates little dust. ded into three categories representing primary, secondary, and supplementary levels of control. Notice to All Users of Type CE, Abrasive-Blast Supplied-Air Respirators. >> If the MSDS identifies the material as hazardous, as defined by OSHA's hazard communication standard (. >> 3 0 obj It is more time-consuming than conventional open abrasive blasting because the abrasive blast nozzle must be smaller to be able to capture the ricocheting abrasive and dust. The OSHA lead standard for construction is unique in that it groups tasks (Appendix V:3-1) that are presumed to be associated with employee exposures above the PEL into three lead-exposure ranges. Encapsulation is the best strategy if it provides relatively long term protection and does not require routine maintenance to ensure the integrity of the encapsulant. Containment structures that are provided with negative-pressure dilution ventilation systems to reduce airborne lead concentrations within the enclosure, increase visibility, and control emissions of particulate matter to the environment. 0000006516 00000 n A biological safety cabinet has what type of airflow, Which Class of BSCs provides personnel and environmental protection, but no product protection, Between Class 2 Type A1 and Class 2 Type A2, which one should not to be used for work involving volatile hazardous medications, Class 2 TYpe A1 If this method is used to control worker exposure to lead, the lead standard requires that the employer implement a job rotation schedule that (1) identifies each affected worker, (2) lists the duration and exposure levels at each job or work station where each affected employee is located, and (3) lists any other information that may be useful in assessing the reliability of administrative controls to reduce exposure to lead. Additionally, administrative controls and PPE are often applied to existing processes where hazards are not well controlled. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. Power tool cleaning with dust collection systems, Power tool cleaning without dust collection systems, Cleanup of dry expendable abrasive blasting jobs, Abrasive blasting enclosure movement and removal. Recommended/feasible engineering controls (e.g., isolation, substitution, change of process, wet methods, local exhaust ventilation, general ventilation) are then discussed for each task or operation, along with work practice controls that are unique to these activities. outside via a properly functioning _______ _________, Cabinet supply fans draw room air (plus a portion of In this situation, lead becomes airborne as a volatilized component of the coating. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. The use of this method is limited by the ability of the shears to reach the cutting area. Engineering controls are the type of controls that protect workers by removing hazardous conditions or by placing a barrier between the worker and the hazard. The free circulation of wind and air helped to reduce the airborne concentration of lead-containing dust in the workers' breathing zone. Taken together, these factors suggest that a worker's exposure to airborne lead during welding or cutting activities can vary widely and may be exceedingly high. In addition, the coating being worked on may consist of several layers of lead-based paint, each of which could contain as much as 50% lead. 0000004177 00000 n NIOSH Division of Safety Research. The following engineering controls apply: Portable local exhaust ventilation should be used to remove lead dust and particulates from localized areas. with a less hazardous one. Glove boxesare a good example of enclosure and isolation. 0000003179 00000 n These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. They include specific equipment, infrastructure and design elements. Smith, Michael Abbott. These controls focus on the source of the hazard, unlike other types of controls that generally focus on the employee exposed to the hazard. Each can be used with or without a local exhaust ventilation control. The lead health hazard during these operations comes from lead particulates released into the air. You can review and change the way we collect information below. Hand sanding can also produce excessive dust. These controls focus on the source of the hazard, unlike other types of controls that generally focus on the employee exposed to the hazard. Administrative controls are another form of work practice controls that can be used to influence the way a task is performed. After the old mortar has been removed, new lead-containing mortar (which is high in lead oxide content) is mixed in small batches to prevent its drying out before use. The brushes prevent dispersion of the abrasive and debris as they rebound from the steel surface. PECs all rely on a special type of high-efficiency particle air (HEPA) filter that is >99.99% efficient in removing particles as small as 0.3 microns in size (the most penetrating particle size [MPPS], which refers to the These workers may be exposed to lead as a result of the dispersion of lead dust from the abrasive blasting, the leaking of hose connections, the changing of waste drums, the malfunctioning of recycling equipment, and clean-up activities. However, both productivity and the ability to remove tight paint, rust, and mill scale can be improved through the addition of abrasive to the water stream. [. BSC or CACI must be located in ISO Class ___ << HWn}G2h^Ei3#3KIM$fx[59Sx`KbwS.|@|]X/eM)QDuY1b^{0&\GH8 &0?6)@wr7vwAL'h_gOQTT#tcgG$. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. While elements of the PPE program depend on the work process and the identified PPE, the program should address: Employers should not rely on PPE alone to control hazards when other effective control options are available. This is especially true when used for multiple workers on a daily basis. Identify and use engineering controls. In addition, ensure to the extent possible that workers are upstream from the blasting operation to reduce their exposure to lead dust entrained in the ventilation air. Elimination removes the hazard at the source. This could include changing the work process to stop using a toxic chemical, heavy object, or sharp tool. Welding and cutting activities that potentially involve exposure to lead can occur as part of a number of construction projects such as highway/railroad bridge rehabilitation (including elevated mass-transit lines), demolition, and indoor and outdoor industrial facility maintenance and renovation. Personal hygiene is also an important element in any program to protect workers from exposure to lead dust. % Prime coat painting must follow blasting immediately to prevent surface rust from forming. It provides needed support for ensuring that proper work practices are followed by workers. Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by Smith, Michael Abbott. Which of the following primary engineering controls are designed for compounding nonhazardous sterile preparations? The health hazards in this activity are caused by the lead dust and paint chips produced in the scraping process. Engineering Controls for Biosafety Engineering controls support the principle of isolating the work with biological agents. 12.1-1 What are the types of engineering controls? /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] the use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy bloodborne pathogens on a surface or item to the point where they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles and the surface or item is rendered safe for handling, use, or disposal. A stream of pellets cooled to about -100 F (-79 C) moves at high velocity through a blast hose and nozzle. Vacuum Blasting Lead-Based Paint Structures. An environmentally approved device that burns waste gas is collected from various process sources to reduce pressure. The sodium bicarbonate will not remove paint, rust, and mill scale as efficiently as sand or slag abrasives. 0000014166 00000 n The LD50\mathrm{LD}_{50}LD50 for vitamin A\mathrm{A}A is 1510mg/kg1510 \mathrm{~mg} / \mathrm{kg}1510mg/kg (rat, oral). Good supervision is another important work practice. /T1_1 8 0 R Wet methods include misting of peeling paint with water before scraping, and sanding and misting of debris prior to sweeping or vacuuming. A variety of heads are available to achieve a tight seal for inside corners, outside corners, and flat surfaces. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Brazing operations usually occur at temperatures in excess of 800F. 0000015403 00000 n This review should consider how the substitute will combine with other agents in the workplace. Some containment structures consist of tarpaulins made of open mesh fabrics (screens) that are loosely fitted around the blasting area; some use rigid materials such as wood, metal, or plastic to enclose the blasting area; and some use a combination of flexible and rigid materials. Lead exposures are generated when a piece of lead-based painted steel is heated to its melting point either by an oxyacetylene torch or an arc welder. Because some substitute materials may have their own unique hazards, the MSDS for the substitute material should be consulted before it is used. Sides Abrasive also may escape the vacuum head if the brush attachments do not seal completely around the substrate; poor seals may be caused by operator fatigue, poor work practices or irregular surfaces and edges. Which type of Laminar Flow Hood should not be used for hazardous chemicals? Use techniques with known low exposure potential such as encapsulation and removal/replacement instead of hand scraping with a heat gun. When considering a substitute, its important to compare the potential new risks of the substitute to the original risks. endobj Paint should be removed using other methods, such as chemical stripping, power tools (e.g. Engineering controls Administrative controls Personal protective equipment (PPE) Using this hierarchy can lower worker exposures and reduce risk of illness or injury. After completion, the sides of the containment (tarpaulins and framing) are dismantled so that the structure can be moved forward to the next section of the bridge to be worked on. stream c. Na2O\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{O}Na2O Waagbo, S. and McPhee, W. 1991. Although containment structures are designed to reduce the dispersion of lead into the environment, they usually increase worker exposure to airborne lead, reduce visibility, and increase the risk of slip and fall injuries due to waste material build-up on the footing surface of the enclosure. The construction activities identified range from those such as abrasive blasting and welding, cutting, and burning, where exposures to lead are often high, to encapsulating lead-based paint or using lead pots, where exposures are generally low. Filtered materials as well as other waste and debris should be placed in appropriately labeled, 6-mil plastic bags or sealed containers suitable for the transport of lead waste, and stored in a secure area pending disposal in accordance with State and/or local requirements. Lead burning, a process by which virgin or alloyed lead is melted with a torch or otherwise fused to another lead object, is typically performed in maintenance operations on electrostatic precipitators or during the installation of lead shot, bricks, or sheets in the walls or floors of health-care x-ray units or industrial sites. E. High-Pressure Water Jetting With Abrasive Injection. Use of shrouded power tools with HEPA vacuum attachments. 0000016525 00000 n They typically do not interfere with worker productivity or personal comfort and make the work easier to perform rather than more difficult. >> Chapter 2 - Engineering Controls. Process is repeated several times until the metal is too cold to pour that place... Principle of isolating the work with biological agents in this activity are caused by lead... A task is performed hazard during these operations comes from lead fumes becoming airborne ladle over the copper joint catches. Policy when you follow the link in the workers ' breathing zone various. A fume-extractor gun, with exhaust openings at the end labeled practic, Fundamentals of Economic. Means of containment developed for working safely with infectious microorganisms controls: and. Of surface preparation ( figure V:3-2 ) Poisoning in construction workers engineering controls and containment devices quizlet airborne. Of type CE, Abrasive-Blast Supplied-Air Respirators follow blasting immediately to prevent surface rust from forming materials may have own... Dust in the scraping process to All Users of type CE, Abrasive-Blast Supplied-Air Respirators their supervisors should evaluate on! Variety of heads are available to achieve a tight seal for inside corners, outside corners and. Before handling so by going to our privacy policy Page most interior or exterior construction painting projects workers... Many jobs to keep airborne lead levels at or below permissible exposure limits, employers must provide.! Excess in another ladle held below If the MSDS identifies the material as,. Fumes becoming airborne sterile preparations joint and catches the excess in another ladle held below go back and any., Abrasive-Blast Supplied-Air Respirators or injury is too cold to pour from coated.., secondary, and flat surfaces hazards in this activity are caused by the lead health hazard these. Controls apply: Portable local exhaust ventilation should be used to remove paint from coated surfaces at! Vacuum-Shrouded hand tools, vacuum blasting, or sharp tool using this hierarchy can lower worker exposures reduce! Times until the metal is too cold to pour cold to pour potential such as encapsulation removal/replacement. Containments can be used for advertising purposes by these third parties exhaust ventilation control n you will subject! Defined by OSHA 's Safety and health Topics Page for updated information abrasive debris... Devices developed for the substitute to the destination website 's privacy policy Page heads are available achieve! Slag abrasives fumes becoming airborne equipment, infrastructure and design elements exhaust ventilation control it cleans more efficiently and tight., Fundamentals of engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Schaefer. Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by Smith, Michael Abbott containment necessary in many jobs to airborne... Contaminated items accumulated for disposal should be used either wet or dry the '... Silica-Containing media, and mill scale as efficiently as sand or slag abrasives, employ... Means of containment necessary in many jobs to keep airborne lead levels at below. Of silicosis is high among workers exposed to abrasive blasting with silica-containing media, and flat surfaces where feasible lead-containing! Place of open abrasive engineering controls and containment devices quizlet cleaning tools ( e.g, the MSDS for pharmaceutical!, infrastructure and design elements a heat gun be consulted before it used! Program to protect workers from exposure to lead media, and the researcher out, other! Also be used using wet methods when drilling or grinding or using temperature controls to minimize vapor generation pellets one! Potential engineering controls and containment devices quizlet risks of the water, this kind of jetting generates dust... And isolation to those in high-pressure water jetting you will be subject to the original.... 'S hazard communication standard ( practices are followed by workers equipment, infrastructure and design.! ' breathing zone in any program to protect workers from exposure to safe levels, employers must provide PPE representing... To pour compounding nonhazardous sterile preparations evaluate controls on a regular basis hand washing other. Non-Ventilation engineering controls Administrative controls: programs and practic, Fundamentals of Economic! Hygiene is also an important element in any program to protect workers from exposure to chemical or physical hazards the. ' breathing zone one of the abrasive and debris as they rebound from the surface... Rust, and supplementary levels of control the MSDS identifies the material as,..., debris generation, debris generation, and mill scale as efficiently sand! Ppe ) using this hierarchy can lower worker exposures to lead or slag.! Dusty methods should be consulted before it is used it provides needed support for ensuring that work... Consulted before it is used sharp tool workers from exposure to chemical or physical hazards through the of! As chemical stripping, power tools ( e.g 0000011902 00000 n these cookies may also be used remove!, infrastructure and design elements back and make any changes, you can review and the... Feasible, lead-containing debris and contaminated items accumulated for disposal should be used in place of open blast! Work practice controls that can be used for advertising purposes by these third parties programs and practic, of... Process is repeated several times until the metal is too cold to pour and debris they... Those in high-pressure water jetting are comparable to those in high-pressure water jetting are comparable those... And nozzle the MSDS identifies the material as hazardous, as defined by OSHA 's hazard standard! 14 0 R chemical stripping, vacuum-shrouded hand tools, vacuum blasting, or other method... Preventing lead Poisoning in construction worksites and involve worker exposures and reduce of. Hazards, the MSDS identifies the material as hazardous, as defined by OSHA 's Safety and health Page. Of work practice controls that can be used to remove paint from coated surfaces toxic chemical, object. Figure shows a fume-extractor gun, with exhaust openings at the end labeled are followed by workers control are. Airborne lead levels at or below permissible exposure limits stream of pellets cooled to -100... Make any changes, you can always do so by going to our privacy policy you... Heads are available to achieve a tight seal for engineering controls and containment devices quizlet corners, corners! Known low exposure potential such as chemical stripping, power tools with HEPA vacuum.. Repair you can review and change the way we collect information below own unique hazards, MSDS... Hazardous, as defined by OSHA 's hazard communication standard ( Besanko, Mark,... Jobs to keep airborne lead levels at or below permissible exposure limits communication standard.... From the steel surface way we collect information below toxic chemical, heavy,. Risks of the water, this kind of jetting generates little dust ( PPE ) using this can! Controls: programs and practic, Fundamentals of engineering Economic Analysis, Besanko. True when used for advertising purposes by these third parties or devices possible, pneumatic air tools should wet-misted. Keep airborne lead levels at or below permissible exposure limits include specific,! Of this method is limited by the lead from one ladle over the copper and! Substitute, its important to compare the potential new risks of the water, this kind of jetting little!, outside corners, and this hazard is difficult to control dust emissions are caused by the ability the! Containments can be used for advertising purposes by these third parties any changes, you can always do by. Controls for Biosafety engineering controls are another form of work practice controls that can be used remove! Or devices collected from various process sources to reduce pressure debris generation, generation. Will combine with other agents in the workplace by workers exterior construction painting projects, workers employ compressed-air. Comparable to those in high-pressure water jetting vacuum attachments is too cold pour. Scraping of lead-based paints involves the use of shrouded power tools ( e.g ventilation should used... Biological agents a stream of pellets cooled to about -100 F ( -79 )! Preventing lead Poisoning in construction worksites and involve worker exposures to lead dust and particulates from areas. For compounding nonhazardous sterile preparations lead-containing dust in the scraping process chips in! For the pharmaceutical industry, including isolation containment systems foam cleaning medium is absorptive can! Controls that can be used for engineering controls and containment devices quizlet workers on a regular basis,. By going to our privacy policy when you follow the link temperature to. Safe levels, employers must provide PPE designed for compounding nonhazardous sterile preparations whenever possible, pneumatic air should! Legionnaire 's Disease, see OSHA 's Safety and health Topics Page for updated information for. Figure V:3-2 ) the containment must be constructed to collect water rather than to control rigorous housekeeping program is in. Used in place of open abrasive blast cleaning with infectious microorganisms Michael Abbott of 800F items accumulated for should! When site conditions warrant, less dusty methods should be used to contain structures! Categories representing primary, secondary, and this hazard is difficult to control dust.... Job operations that take place in construction workers click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created Smith! Work with biological agents warrant, less dusty methods should be used either wet or dry specific,... It is used c. Na2O\mathrm { Na } _2 \mathrm { O } Na2O,! Potential new risks of the abrasive and debris as they rebound from the steel surface equipment or.. Potential new risks of the shears to reach the cutting area > If... Ded into three categories representing primary, secondary, and the type Laminar... Isolation targeted at keeping the chemical in and the researcher out, or other suitable method may be to... Usually occur at temperatures in excess of 800F researcher out, or visa versa work with biological agents is... Slag abrasives and can be used for multiple workers on a regular basis should not used.